And joseph sciinexble



(No Model.) 7 2 SheetsSheet 1.

G A. & J. SCHNEIBLE. APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS,

No. 474414. Paftented. May 10, 1892 2 Sheets-Sheet @E 4. 8; J. SOHNEIBLE. APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS (No Model.)

No. 474,414. Patented W M), 1892;

To aZZ whom it may concern..-

lluTTnn STATES PATENT @rrrca CARL A. SCHNEIBLE, OF NE\V YORK, AND JOSEPH SCllNElllL 1, OF BROOK- LYN, NEN YORK.

APPARATUS FOR AERATENG LilQUlDS.

SPEGIFKGATEON forming part of Letters hatent lilo. d'ild dli, dated May 10, 1892.

Application filed January 22, 1892.

Be it known that WeCARL A. SCHNEIBLE, of New York, in the county and State of New Y ork, and JOSEPH SCHNEIBLE, of Brooklyn, lungs county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in. Apparatus for Aerating Liquids; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the acconi pan ying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

in another application for Letters Patent filed November 2, 1891, serially numbered 410,671, we have described a novel method of aerating or charging liquids, which depends largely for its successful operation upon the maintenance of substantially equal pressure upon the liquid to be charged and upon the gas with which it is to be charged. In practice the pressure on the gas is slightly in excess of that on the liquid, and it becomes important that the established relation between the pressures should be maintained.

In our experiments made with the purpose of perfecting the apparatus employed in the practice of the method we have found that the great difference in density between the liquid and the gas renders necessary, under the operation of well-known physical laws, certain, modifications of apparatus which might be effective with two liquids or with two gases, and that in order to produce the best results when a gas and a liquid are to be mixed under a substantial equality of pressure the orifice of thepipe' which conducts the gas from the pressure-regulator to the point where it is to be introduced into the liquid must be contracted, so that its area shall be considerably less than that of the orifice which discharges the uncharged liquid. We have also found in the application of our method to the carbonating of liquids when large quantities of gas are used and when the car iconic-acid gas is supplied from the usual cylinder in which it has been reduced to a liquid under great pressure that we are in practice obliged to provide an expansionchamber. intermediate thecylinder and the other portions otthe apparatus, in order to prevent the stoppage of the operation by freez- Seriel Ila. 418,889. (No model.)

ing, and that we can take advantage of the cold produced in this expansion-chamber to cool the newly-charged liquid for the purpose of mixing the gas or for increasing its capacity to absorb gas, and therebydispeuse with the use of ice for the purpose.

Accordingly our present invention consists in the apparatus hereinafter described and claimed, and which we have thus far found best adapted for the successful operation of our method above referred to.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a partly sectional elevation of so much of a complete apparatus as is necessary to illus irate our improved means for producing a proper mixture of the gas and liquid,and Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the further modification of the apparatus which we have referred to above as desirable in the charging of liquids from liqnid-carbonate cylinders.

in gencralthegasand theliquid tobe charged are led froin their respective sources of supply by independent pipes or conductors to pressnre-regulating devices adapted to maintai n the proper pressure upon each, and thence to the point where the gas is to be introduced into the liquid. From this point a common delivery-pipe conducts the charged liquid to the receiver or to the delivery or dispensing cock. When the apparatus is used for carbonatiug, as. before referred to, or whenever a sufficientdegree of expansion takes place in the gas, the delivery-tube is passed through the expansion-chamber before reaching the receiver or delivery-cock.

'lhe pressure-regnlator, which is employed to maintain the substantial balance or proper relation between the pressure on the gas and that on the liquid, comprises, essentially, a suitable casing A, which is divided by a suitable diaphragm ll into two chambers G and D, communicating, respectively, with the gassupply and the liquid-supply, and a valve operated by the diaphragm tocontrol the flow We have of either the gas or the liquid. shown the upper chamber as connected on one side, through a pipe E, with a liquid-car bonate cylinder F and as connected on the other side with a gasdelivery pipe G, and we have shown the valve for controlling the deliveryof the gas as consisting of a screw-plug ll, suitably seated opposite the orifice of the pipe E and connected through an arm I and link i with the diaphragm to be turned by the movement of the diaphragm to open or close the orifice of the pipe; but the character of the gas-supply, of the connections, and of the valve is immaterial, it being essential, merely, that the gas shall be delivered to the regulator under a proper degree of pressure. Likewise the character of the liquid-supply and of its connections with the other chamber of the regulator is immaterial, provided a steady pressure is provided either by gravity or hya force-pump. 'e have indicated a tank K, connected by a pipe M with the lower chamber and extended to a point where the gas and liquid are mixed. \Ve find, however,

that the action of the diaphragm is much steadier if the liquid-supplypipe M, instead of being connected directly into the sides of the chamber D, so that the liquid should flow through the chamber, is provided with a T- joint N and single pipe 0, which communicate with the chamber. The elfect of this arrangement is to form an air-cushion or deadwater space, which prevents shocks upon the diaphragm.

A guiding-stem P may be affixed to the diaphragm and slide in a guide 17, carried by the casing, but is not a necessary feature. The

pressure-regulator may be fitted with a presstire-gage Q, and the gas-conducting pipe with a blow-off cock R, a stop-valve S, and a checkvalve T; but these parts are not essential to the successful operation of our device.

Stop-cocks S and S are preferablyinserted in the liquid-conducting pipe M, one on each side of the connection with the pressure-regulator, whereby at any time the liquid-supply may be cut off, while preserving the same pressure on the other side of the regulatordiaphragm, and the How of the gas remain unaffected. This arrangement is especially useful in establishing throughout the system of pipes the initial pressure under which the liquid is to be charged.

The liquid and gas conducting-pipes may be united by any convenient connectionas by an ordinary T -as shown at V, and it is essential that the area of the orifice through which the gas issues shall be considerably less than the area of that through which the liquid is discharged, in order that the gas may [low as a jet into the liquid. For this purpose we have shown a nozzle W, with a small aperture, inserted in one branch of the T.

*As before stated, when liquefied carbonic acid is used as the source of the gas it is desirable to allow the expansion to take place between the cylinder in which itis stored and the pressure-regulator. Ordinarily the expansion is allowed to take'plaee in the cylin- The intense cold thus produced within the cylinder not infrequently causes a congelation of the carbonic acid and a consequent stoppage of the operation. We prefer to extend the condt'icting-tube to the bottom of the cylinder, as at e, so that the liquid itself is forced from the cylinder. The diameter of this tube is preserved for a convenient length, so that there shall be no expansion until it is brought to a point where an expansion-chamber may be placed. Here the ca.- pacity of the tube is increased either by enlarging the diameter or by providing a number of tubes to allow the liquid to expand into gas and is finally connected to the gas-conducting tube E. The delivery tube X is brought from the point where the gas is 1njected into the liquid and its diameter still being preserved, so that there may be no expansion, it is led in close proximity to the expansion-tubes, so that the charged liquid therein contained may be subjected to the reduced temperature, and is then led to the receiver or delivery-cock. To facilitate the cooling, we prefer to inclose both the series of expansiontubes and the coil of the tube X within a tank, which may be filled with salt-water or any other suitable material, which being itself cooled by contact with the expansion-tubes will the more rapidly absorb heat from the tube X.

For convenience in expression we have referred herein to an expansion-chamber, through which the tube X is led; but the exact arrangement or construction of the same is immaterial, due regard being had to the result to be obtained.

The initial pressure put upon the gas and the liquid vary with the nature of the liquid to be charged and with the extent to which it 'is to be charged, while we have found that for the best results the ratio of the area of the orifice through which the gas is discharged to the area .of the orifice through which the liquid is discharged should be slightly less than the ratio of the specific gravity'of the gas to the specific gravity of the liquid, though we do not intend to limit ourselves to any particular size or relation or to the exact arrangement of the apparatus which we have shown herein.

\Ve claim as our invention- 1. An apparatus for charging liquids with gas, consisting of a gas-supply and a liquidsupply, pipes for conducting the gas and liquid from the sources of supply and connected to mix the gas and liquid, the gas-conducting pipe having at the point of connection anozzle with a contracted orifice, through which the gas may flow into the liquid, and a press ure-regulator having a diaphragm acted upon by-both the gas and the liquid before mixture and having a valve operated by said diaphragm to control the flow of one of the fluids, substantially as shown and described.

2. An apparatus for charging liquids with gas, consisting of a gas-supply and a liquidsupply, pipes for conducting the gas and liquid from the sources of supply and connected to mix the gas andliquid, a pressure-regulator having a diaphragm acted upon by both the gas and'the liquid before mixture and having it valve operated by said-diaphragm to control the flow of one of the fluids, and two'stopcocks inserted in' the other conducting-pipe, one on each side of'its connectionwithihe pressure-re, ;,'ulat( )r, substantially as shown and described. v

3. An apparatus for charging liquids with gas, consisting of 'a liquid-supply and a gassupply, in which the gas may be compressed, pipes for conducting the gas and the liquid from the sources of supply and connected to mix the gas and liquid,an expansion-chamber for the gas intermediate the'supply and said point of mixture, and a conducting-tube for 15 I tiallyas shown and described.

I tlnitestimony whereof we have signed our two subscribing witnessesv I names to this-specification-in the presence of. 2c'

CARL A. SOHNEIBLE. JOSEPH SGH'NEIBLE} -Witness'esi' x A. N. JESBERA, I A. WIQDEK- 

